Titus - 2:2



2 that older men should be temperate, sensible, sober minded, sound in faith, in love, and in patience:

Verse In-Depth

Explanation and meaning of Titus 2:2.

Differing Translations

Compare verses for better understanding.
That the aged men be sober, grave, temperate, sound in faith, in charity, in patience.
that aged men be temperate, grave, sober-minded, sound in faith, in love, in patience:
That the aged men be sober, chaste, prudent, sound in faith, in love, in patience.
that the elder men be sober, grave, discreet, sound in faith, in love, in patience;
that aged men be temperate, grave, soberminded, sound in faith, in love, in patience:
aged men to be temperate, grave, sober, sound in the faith, in the love, in the endurance;
Exhort aged men to be temperate, grave, sober-minded, robust in their faith, their love and their patience.
That old men are to be simple in their tastes, serious, wise, true in faith, in love, and of a quiet mind.
Old men should be sober, chaste, prudent, sound in faith, in love, in patience.
Teach that the older men should be soberly clear minded, dignified and self-controlled – sound in faith, love, and patient endurance.
senes ut sobrii sint pudici prudentes sani fide dilectione patientia

*Minor differences ignored. Grouped by changes, with first version listed as example.


Historical Commentaries

Scholarly Analysis and Interpretation.

That aged men be sober He begins with particular duties, that the discourse may be better adapted to the instruction of the people. And he does so, not only that he may accommodate himself to their capacity, but that he may press every one more closely; for a general doctrine produces a less powerful impression; but when by holding out a few cases, he has instructed every person about his duty, there is no one who may not easily conclude, that the Lord has sufficiently instructed him as to the work in which he ought to be employed. We must not therefore, look for a regular method here; for Paul's design was only to state briefly what were the subjects concerning which godly teachers ought to speak, and not to undertake to treat largely of those subjects. "Aged men" are mentioned by him in the first place. He wishes them to be "sober," because excessive drinking is a vice too common among the old. Gravity, which he next mentions, is procured by well-regulated morals. Nothing is more shameful than for an old man to indulge in youthful wantonness, and, by his countenance, to strengthen the impudence of the young. In the life of old men, therefore, let there be displayed semnotes "a becoming gravity," which shall constrain the young to modesty. This will be followed chiefly by temperance, which he immediately adds. Sound in faith I do not know whether the word "sound" or "healthy" contains an indirect allusion to the various diseases of old men, with which he contrasts this health of the soul; at least, I think so, though I do not affirm it. With good reason does he include in these three parts -- faith, love, patience -- the sum of Christian perfection. By faith we worship God; for neither calling upon him, nor any exercises of godliness, can be separated from it. Love extends to all the commandments of the second table. Next follows patience as the seasoning of "faith" and "love;" for without "patience" faith would not long endure, and many occurrences are taking place every day -- instances of unhandsome conduct or evil temper, which irritate us so much that we should not only be languid, but almost dead, to the duties of love towards our neighbor, if the same "patience" did not support us.

That the aged men - All aged men - for there is no reason to suppose that the apostle refers particularly to those who were in office, or who were technically elders, or Presbyters. If he had, he would have used the common word - πρεσβύτερος presbuteros - "presbyter" (see Matthew 15:2; Matthew 16:21; Matthew 21:23; Matthew 26:3, Matthew 26:47, Matthew 26:57, Matthew 26:59; 1-Timothy 5:1, 1-Timothy 5:17, 1-Timothy 5:19; Titus 1:5; James 5:14; 1-Peter 5:1), instead of the unusual word - πρεσβύτης presbutēs - an old or aged man - a word which occurs nowhere else in the New Testament except in Luke 1:18, "For I am an old man," and Plm 1:9, "being such an one as Paul the aged." It is in no instance applied to an office. Besides, the instructions which Titus was to give to such men was not that which especially pertained to elders as officers in the church, but to all old men. The idea is, that he was to adapt his instructions to the special character of different classes of his hearers. The aged needed special instructions, and so did the young.
Be sober - Margin, "vigilant." See the word explained in the notes at 1-Timothy 3:2, where it is rendered vigilant. In 1-Timothy 3:11, the same word is rendered sober. -
Grave - Serious; see the notes at 1-Timothy 3:8; compare the notes at Philippians 4:8, where the same word is rendered hottest.
Temperate - σώφρονας sōphronas. Rather, prudent, or sober-minded. See it explained in the notes, 1-Timothy 3:2, where it is rendered "sober." Also Titus 1:8.
Sound in faith - 1-Timothy 1:10 note; Titus 1:13 note.
In charity - In love; Notes, 1 Cor. 13. The meaning is, that an old man should evince love for all, especially for those who are good. He should have overcome, at his time of life, all the fiery, impetuous, envious, wrathful passions of his early years, and his mind should be subdued into sweet benevolence to all mankind.
In patience - In the infirmities of old age - in the trials resulting from the loss of the friends of their early years - in their loneliness in the world, they should show that the effect of all God's dealings with them has been to produce patience. The aged should submit to the trials of their advanced years, also, with resignation - for they will soon be over. A few more sighs, and they will sigh no more; a little longer bearing up under their infirmities, and they will renew their youth before the throne of God.

That the aged men be sober - It is very likely that the word aged is to be taken here in its literal sense; that it refers to advanced years, and not to any office in the Church: the whole context seems to require this sense.
For an old man to be a drunkard, a light and trifling person, and a glutton, and not to be sober, grave, and temperate, is not only blamable but monstrous. Seneca has well said: Luxuriosus adolescens peccat; senew insanit. "A young man addicted to a life of luxury transgresses; an old man thus addicted runs mad."

(2) That the aged men be sober, grave, temperate, sound in faith, in charity, in patience.
(2) What are the principal virtues for old and young, both men and women: and how they ought to be stirred up to do them continually.

That the aged men be sober,.... Or "vigilant", and watchful over themselves, their conduct and conversation, lest being evil, it should be drawn into an example by younger persons: this is to be understood not of men in office, of presbyters or elders; for their characters are described in the preceding chapter; but of men in years, of ancient men, that are professors of religion, and members of churches: who should also be
grave; in their behaviour, speech, and dress; levity of conversation, frothy language, and airy dress, are very unbecoming aged persons: and who ought to be
temperate; in eating and drinking, especially the latter, to which old age is most addicted, and care should be taken that they be not over charged with it, and that day overtake them unawares, since they are upon the brink and borders of eternity: the word is rendered "discreet" in Titus 2:5 and sober in 1-Timothy 3:2 and both are characters suitable to men in years.
Sound in faith, in charity, in patience; though they may be unhealthful in their bodies, and become decrepit through age, they should be sound in their minds; in the doctrine of faith, lest they should lead others into error; and their faith in Christ should appear to be right and genuine; and their love to God, to Christ, and to his people, should be real and sincere, and be taken off from the things of the world, of time and sense; an affection for which is an evil that frequently cleaves to old age: and patience should have its perfect work; not only to bear the infirmities of body, brought on by age; but whatsoever sufferings they may be called unto for the sake of Christ and his Gospel, in their last day; and to run out the race that is set before them.

sober--Translated "vigilant," as sober men alone can be (1-Timothy 3:2). But "sober" here answers to "not given to wine," Titus 2:3; Titus 1:7.
grave--"dignified"; behaving with reverent propriety.
temperate--"self-restrained"; "discreet" [ALFORD], (Titus 1:8; 1-Timothy 2:9).
faith . . . charity [love] . . . patience--combined in 1-Timothy 6:11. "Faith, hope, charity" (1-Corinthians 13:13). "Patience," Greek, "enduring perseverance," is the attendant on, and is supported by, "hope" (1-Corinthians 13:7; 1-Thessalonians 1:3). It is the grace which especially becomes old men, being the fruit of ripened experience derived from trials overcome (Romans 5:3).

Vigilant - As veteran soldiers, not easily to be surprised. Patience - A virtue particularly needful for and becoming them. Serious - Not drolling or diverting on the brink of eternity.

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